Acupuncture - Revision history

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-{{Wiki4CAM|17.9.18|15.9.20147}}
+{{Wiki4CAM|17.9.18|15.9.2014}}
-A branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that treats many conditions including diseases, drug or alcohol addiction, and sinus problems by stimulation of [[acupuncture needles]] to directly manipulate a network along 12 major pathways or energetic meridians, connecting specific internal organs with energetic points on the network. Acupuncture regulates, or disperses Ki (also referred to as Chee, Chi, Ki, Qi, and Qui), the vital life energy that animates all living organisms, and results in a correcting and rebalancing Ki to relieve pain and restore health. <ref>http://www.nwhealth.edu/healthyU/liveNaturally/gloss.html Glossary of Natural Healthcare Terms</ref>
+A branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that treats many conditions including diseases, drug or alcohol addiction, and sinus problems by stimulation of [[Acupuncture_needles|acupuncture needles]] to directly manipulate a network along 12 major pathways or energetic meridians, connecting specific internal organs with energetic points on the network. Acupuncture regulates, or disperses Ki (also referred to as Chee, Chi, Ki, Qi, and Qui), the vital life energy that animates all living organisms, and results in a correcting and rebalancing Ki to relieve pain and restore health. <ref>http://www.nwhealth.edu/healthyU/liveNaturally/gloss.html Glossary of Natural Healthcare Terms</ref>
 == History of acupuncture ==
-Acupuncture was practiced in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years. It is one of the key components of traditional Chinese medicine.<ref>http://nccam.nih.gov/health/acupuncture About Acupuncture</ref> Since acupuncture is a component of TCM, it is not possible to understand the history of acupuncture alone without TCM. ''Shen Nung, Huang Di'' and ''Fu Hsi'' are the emperors, who are considered to have been the originators of Chinese medicine. ''Huang Di Nei Jing'' is considered as classical book on TCM. ''Huang Di Nei Jing'' means 'The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine'. The emperor Huang Di is believed to have lived about 2697-2596 B.C.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-2 [3]]</sup> Till 19th century the TCM was the main mode of treatment in China. During the First Opium War, China came into contact with western medicine. After the war the traditional medicine lost its importance, because of its banning by the president '''Chiang Kai-Shek'''. After his government lost the power, the first National Hygiene Conference (1950) organised during Mao Zedong's period deviced new set of medical principles, which included the TCM.
+Acupuncture was practiced in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years. It is one of the key components of traditional Chinese medicine.<ref>http://nccam.nih.gov/health/acupuncture About Acupuncture</ref> Since acupuncture is a component of TCM, it is not possible to understand the history of acupuncture alone without TCM. ''Shen Nung, Huang Di'' and ''Fu Hsi'' are the emperors, who are considered to have been the originators of Chinese medicine. ''Huang Di Nei Jing'' is considered as classical book on TCM. ''Huang Di Nei Jing'' means 'The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine'. The emperor Huang Di is believed to have lived about 2697-2596 B.C.<ref>A. Jayasuriya, Clinical Acupuncture </ref> Till 19th century the TCM was the main mode of treatment in China. During the First Opium War, China came into contact with western medicine. After the war the traditional medicine lost its importance, because of its banning by the president '''Chiang Kai-Shek'''. After his government lost the power, the first National Hygiene Conference (1950) organised during Mao Zedong's period deviced new set of medical principles, which included the TCM.
 TCM gained its respect in the west after the visit of the President Nixon to China (1972), followed by an article by the famous reporter James Reston, in the New York Times about this oriental healing art. Though it gain great degree of respects in the western world, it also faced lot of criticism and disbelief among its opponents, due to the lack of scientific explanation.
@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 === Systems of channels ===
-Initially it was discovered that there are certain points in the body, which if massaged, punctured, heated or burned, relieve pain or has beneficial effect on certain disorders. Over a period many such points were discovered. Later it was found that by the stimulation of widely separated points it was possible to influence the functioning of a specific internal organ. Then it was systematically arranged on the basis of pertaining organ, over it was perceived they has an influence. The series of points which had an effect of a particular organ were connected to form a channel. There are [https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Superficial_Channels Superficial Channels], consisting twelve regular channels, called the [https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/w/index.php?title=Twelve_Paired_Channels&action=edit&redlink=1 Twelve Paired Channels], eight extra channels, called [https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/w/index.php?title=Eight_Extreordinary_Channels&action=edit&redlink=1 Eight Extreordinary Channels] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/w/index.php?title=Fifteen_Collaterals&action=edit&redlink=1 Fifteen Collaterals].
+Initially it was discovered that there are certain points in the body, which if massaged, punctured, heated or burned, relieve pain or has beneficial effect on certain disorders. Over a period many such points were discovered. Later it was found that by the stimulation of widely separated points it was possible to influence the functioning of a specific internal organ. Then it was systematically arranged on the basis of pertaining organ, over it was perceived they has an influence. The series of points which had an effect of a particular organ were connected to form a channel. There are ''Superficial Channels'', consisting twelve regular channels, called the ''Twelve Paired Channels'', eight extra channels, called ''Eight Extreordinary Channels'' and ''Fifteen Collaterals''.
 == Scientificity of acupuncture ==
@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
 == A few commonly used acupuncture points ==
-In ancient times, the number of acupuncture points was established to be the same as the number of days in the year: 365. These points were mapped to 14 major meridian lines, one meridian for each of the 12 inner organs, one meridian along the spine (called the governing vessel), and another along the midline of the abdomen (called the conception vessel). More recently, the number of points identified by acupuncturists has exploded. There are extra meridians (some of them outlined in ancient times, others modern) with their own sets of points, there are special points (off meridians), and there are complete mappings of body structures and functions by points along the outer ears, on the nose, in the scalp, on the hands, on the feet, and at the wrists and ankles. Despite the growing number of treatment zones, most acupuncturists still utilize the traditionally-identified points on the 14 main meridians. On each meridian there are a small number of points used repeatedly, because of their versatility, for a wide variety of patients and diseases. One such point on each major meridian is mentioned below, sometimes with a second point also briefly described, for a total of 21. It is important to recognize that although a list of disorders and diseases treated by each point can be given, sometimes the points are selected entirely or primarily on the basis of the Chinese theory of balancing the flow in the meridians, so that the point might be used for other kinds of disorders, aside from those listed, because of its usefulness in this balancing process. For points not on the central line of the body, each point has a left and right side reflected location (the point is counted only once for enumeration purposes). For each point in this presentation, the name of the meridian, the number of the point, the number of standard points on the meridian, its designation by one of the number-based classification systems (two letters and the point number), and the Chinese name are given. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-3 [4]]</sup>
+In ancient times, the number of acupuncture points was established to be the same as the number of days in the year: 365. These points were mapped to 14 major meridian lines, one meridian for each of the 12 inner organs, one meridian along the spine (called the governing vessel), and another along the midline of the abdomen (called the conception vessel). More recently, the number of points identified by acupuncturists has exploded. There are extra meridians (some of them outlined in ancient times, others modern) with their own sets of points, there are special points (off meridians), and there are complete mappings of body structures and functions by points along the outer ears, on the nose, in the scalp, on the hands, on the feet, and at the wrists and ankles. Despite the growing number of treatment zones, most acupuncturists still utilize the traditionally-identified points on the 14 main meridians. On each meridian there are a small number of points used repeatedly, because of their versatility, for a wide variety of patients and diseases. One such point on each major meridian is mentioned below, sometimes with a second point also briefly described, for a total of 21. It is important to recognize that although a list of disorders and diseases treated by each point can be given, sometimes the points are selected entirely or primarily on the basis of the Chinese theory of balancing the flow in the meridians, so that the point might be used for other kinds of disorders, aside from those listed, because of its usefulness in this balancing process. For points not on the central line of the body, each point has a left and right side reflected location (the point is counted only once for enumeration purposes). For each point in this presentation, the name of the meridian, the number of the point, the number of standard points on the meridian, its designation by one of the number-based classification systems (two letters and the point number), and the Chinese name are given. <ref>http://chinese-school.netfirms.com/acupuncture-points.html A few commonly used acupuncture points</ref>
 <br/> '''Large Intestine Meridian, point #4 of 20: LI4, Hegu'''
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 == References ==
 &nbsp;

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Wiki4CAM}}
+{{Wiki4CAM|17.9.18|15.9.20147}}
 == History of acupuncture ==
-Acupuncture was practiced in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years. It is one of the key components of traditional Chinese medicine.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-1 [2]]</sup> Since acupuncture is a component of TCM, it is not possible to understand the history of acupuncture alone without TCM. ''Shen Nung, Huang Di'' and ''Fu Hsi'' are the emperors, who are considered to have been the originators of Chinese medicine. ''Huang Di Nei Jing'' is considered as classical book on TCM. ''Huang Di Nei Jing'' means 'The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine'. The emperor Huang Di is believed to have lived about 2697-2596 B.C.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-2 [3]]</sup> Till 19th century the TCM was the main mode of treatment in China. During the First Opium War, China came into contact with western medicine. After the war the traditional medicine lost its importance, because of its banning by the president '''Chiang Kai-Shek'''. After his government lost the power, the first National Hygiene Conference (1950) organised during Mao Zedong's period deviced new set of medical principles, which included the TCM.
+Acupuncture was practiced in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years. It is one of the key components of traditional Chinese medicine.<ref>http://nccam.nih.gov/health/acupuncture About Acupuncture</ref> Since acupuncture is a component of TCM, it is not possible to understand the history of acupuncture alone without TCM. ''Shen Nung, Huang Di'' and ''Fu Hsi'' are the emperors, who are considered to have been the originators of Chinese medicine. ''Huang Di Nei Jing'' is considered as classical book on TCM. ''Huang Di Nei Jing'' means 'The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine'. The emperor Huang Di is believed to have lived about 2697-2596 B.C.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-2 [3]]</sup> Till 19th century the TCM was the main mode of treatment in China. During the First Opium War, China came into contact with western medicine. After the war the traditional medicine lost its importance, because of its banning by the president '''Chiang Kai-Shek'''. After his government lost the power, the first National Hygiene Conference (1950) organised during Mao Zedong's period deviced new set of medical principles, which included the TCM.
 TCM gained its respect in the west after the visit of the President Nixon to China (1972), followed by an article by the famous reporter James Reston, in the New York Times about this oriental healing art. Though it gain great degree of respects in the western world, it also faced lot of criticism and disbelief among its opponents, due to the lack of scientific explanation.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Wiki4CAM}}
-A branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that treats many conditions including diseases, drug or alcohol addiction, and sinus problems by stimulation of [Acupuncture_needles acupuncture needles] to directly manipulate a network along 12 major pathways or energetic meridians, connecting specific internal organs with energetic points on the network. Acupuncture regulates, or disperses Ki (also referred to as Chee, Chi, Ki, Qi, and Qui), the vital life energy that animates all living organisms, and results in a correcting and rebalancing Ki to relieve pain and restore health. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-0 [1]]</sup>
+A branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that treats many conditions including diseases, drug or alcohol addiction, and sinus problems by stimulation of [[Acupuncture_needles acupuncture needles]] to directly manipulate a network along 12 major pathways or energetic meridians, connecting specific internal organs with energetic points on the network. Acupuncture regulates, or disperses Ki (also referred to as Chee, Chi, Ki, Qi, and Qui), the vital life energy that animates all living organisms, and results in a correcting and rebalancing Ki to relieve pain and restore health. <ref>http://www.nwhealth.edu/healthyU/liveNaturally/gloss.html Glossary of Natural Healthcare Terms</ref>
@@ Line 11: / Line 10: @@
 TCM gained its respect in the west after the visit of the President Nixon to China (1972), followed by an article by the famous reporter James Reston, in the New York Times about this oriental healing art. Though it gain great degree of respects in the western world, it also faced lot of criticism and disbelief among its opponents, due to the lack of scientific explanation.
-== <span class="mw-headline" id="Concept_of_Acupuncture">Concept of Acupuncture</span> ==
+== Concept of Acupuncture ==
 Acupuncture is mainly based on Yin and Yang theory. Based on this the diagnosis is made in the acupuncture. These are the larger clinical features within with the others are subsumed. Exterior, hot and excessive symptoms are Yang. Interior, cold and deficient symptoms are Yin. The classic Yang symptoms correspond to excessive and hot conditions, while classic Yin symptoms correspond to deficient and cold conditions. However, all the diseases include both Yin and Yang imbalances in their etiology.
-=== <span class="mw-headline" id="Basic_therapeutic_methods_in_traditional_Chinese_medicine">Basic therapeutic methods in traditional Chinese medicine</span> ===
+=== Basic therapeutic methods in traditional Chinese medicine ===
 There are four basic methods in traditional Chinese medicine viz.
@@ Line 26: / Line 25: @@
 Different components of TCM originated from different geographical locations of China. Moxibation developed mainly from the North of China and materia medica and pharmacy were from West. Where as gymnastics, remedial exercises and massage were possibly from Centre. But acupuncture originated from the Eastern part of China, while its eloboration in the form of needles, came from the South.
-=== <span class="mw-headline" id="Traditional_methods_of_diagnosis">Traditional methods of diagnosis</span> ===
+=== Traditional methods of diagnosis ===
 #'''Looking:''' Examination of all the senses with special reference to colors and emotions.
@@ Line 38: / Line 37: @@
 However today there are many new combined methods that helps to breakdown the barriers between the traditional and modern medicine. One such example is the development of acupuncture anaesthesia.
-=== <span class="mw-headline" id="Systems_of_channels">Systems of channels</span> ===
+=== Systems of channels ===
 Initially it was discovered that there are certain points in the body, which if massaged, punctured, heated or burned, relieve pain or has beneficial effect on certain disorders. Over a period many such points were discovered. Later it was found that by the stimulation of widely separated points it was possible to influence the functioning of a specific internal organ. Then it was systematically arranged on the basis of pertaining organ, over it was perceived they has an influence. The series of points which had an effect of a particular organ were connected to form a channel. There are [https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Superficial_Channels Superficial Channels], consisting twelve regular channels, called the [https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/w/index.php?title=Twelve_Paired_Channels&action=edit&redlink=1 Twelve Paired Channels], eight extra channels, called [https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/w/index.php?title=Eight_Extreordinary_Channels&action=edit&redlink=1 Eight Extreordinary Channels] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/w/index.php?title=Fifteen_Collaterals&action=edit&redlink=1 Fifteen Collaterals].
-== <span class="mw-headline" id="Scientificity_of_acupuncture">Scientificity of acupuncture</span> ==
+== Scientificity of acupuncture ==
 There are many theories to explain the many facets of acupuncture but no integrated theory is as yet available to cover all its manifold aspects. Serious research has been taken into acupuncture only after the cultural revolution, which will need some time to explain this complex neuro-physiological phenomena. This lack of explanation does not make it any less in its curability within its scope. Because many procedures that is being followed in the day-to-day medical practice like physiotherapy, hypnotherapy and psychotherapy do not have a strong scientific explanation, but still they are successfully used in giving the solace to the patients.
-== <span class="mw-headline" id="A_few_commonly_used_acupuncture_points">A few commonly used acupuncture points</span> ==
+== A few commonly used acupuncture points ==
 In ancient times, the number of acupuncture points was established to be the same as the number of days in the year: 365. These points were mapped to 14 major meridian lines, one meridian for each of the 12 inner organs, one meridian along the spine (called the governing vessel), and another along the midline of the abdomen (called the conception vessel). More recently, the number of points identified by acupuncturists has exploded. There are extra meridians (some of them outlined in ancient times, others modern) with their own sets of points, there are special points (off meridians), and there are complete mappings of body structures and functions by points along the outer ears, on the nose, in the scalp, on the hands, on the feet, and at the wrists and ankles. Despite the growing number of treatment zones, most acupuncturists still utilize the traditionally-identified points on the 14 main meridians. On each meridian there are a small number of points used repeatedly, because of their versatility, for a wide variety of patients and diseases. One such point on each major meridian is mentioned below, sometimes with a second point also briefly described, for a total of 21. It is important to recognize that although a list of disorders and diseases treated by each point can be given, sometimes the points are selected entirely or primarily on the basis of the Chinese theory of balancing the flow in the meridians, so that the point might be used for other kinds of disorders, aside from those listed, because of its usefulness in this balancing process. For points not on the central line of the body, each point has a left and right side reflected location (the point is counted only once for enumeration purposes). For each point in this presentation, the name of the meridian, the number of the point, the number of standard points on the meridian, its designation by one of the number-based classification systems (two letters and the point number), and the Chinese name are given. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-3 [4]]</sup>
@@ Line 110: / Line 109: @@
 In the book Modern Clinic Necessities for Acupuncture and Moxibustion (by Zhang Ren and Dong Zhi Lin), several treatment strategies are outlined. For menopausal syndrome, the main points recommended are GV20 and GV14, CV4, BL23, HT7, SP6 and ST36; secondary points include PC6, LV3, and KI3. For bedwetting at night among young children, recommended points include CV4, BL23 and SP6; secondary points include LU7, KI3, CV6, and ST36. For hayfever, recommended points include GB20, LI4, and ST36; secondary points include GV14, LU7, LI11, and SP6. In her book Insights of a Senior Acupuncturist, Miriam Lee describes a combination of points that have wide application: ST36, SP6, LI4, LI11, and LU7. This set of points, with slight adjustments (e.g., leaving out one or two, perhaps adding or substituting one or two) is shown to be helpful for the majority of common complaints seen in the Western acupuncture clinic. A popular treatment for injury and stress is to needle the “four gates,” the right and left side points LV3 (feet) and LI4 (hands), which opens circulation throughout the meridians.
-== <span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span> ==
+== References ==
 #[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_ref-0 ↑] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.nwhealth.edu/healthyU/liveNaturally/gloss.html Glossary of Natural Healthcare Terms]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Wiki4CAM}}
 A branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that treats many conditions including diseases, drug or alcohol addiction, and sinus problems by stimulation of [Acupuncture_needles acupuncture needles] to directly manipulate a network along 12 major pathways or energetic meridians, connecting specific internal organs with energetic points on the network. Acupuncture regulates, or disperses Ki (also referred to as Chee, Chi, Ki, Qi, and Qui), the vital life energy that animates all living organisms, and results in a correcting and rebalancing Ki to relieve pain and restore health. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-0 [1]]</sup>
-== <span class="mw-headline" id="History_of_acupuncture">History of acupuncture</span> ==
+== History of acupuncture ==
 Acupuncture was practiced in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years. It is one of the key components of traditional Chinese medicine.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-1 [2]]</sup> Since acupuncture is a component of TCM, it is not possible to understand the history of acupuncture alone without TCM. ''Shen Nung, Huang Di'' and ''Fu Hsi'' are the emperors, who are considered to have been the originators of Chinese medicine. ''Huang Di Nei Jing'' is considered as classical book on TCM. ''Huang Di Nei Jing'' means 'The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine'. The emperor Huang Di is believed to have lived about 2697-2596 B.C.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-2 [3]]</sup> Till 19th century the TCM was the main mode of treatment in China. During the First Opium War, China came into contact with western medicine. After the war the traditional medicine lost its importance, because of its banning by the president '''Chiang Kai-Shek'''. After his government lost the power, the first National Hygiene Conference (1950) organised during Mao Zedong's period deviced new set of medical principles, which included the TCM.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Wiki4CAM}}
 A branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that treats many conditions including diseases, drug or alcohol addiction, and sinus problems by stimulation of [Acupuncture_needles acupuncture needles] to directly manipulate a network along 12 major pathways or energetic meridians, connecting specific internal organs with energetic points on the network. Acupuncture regulates, or disperses Ki (also referred to as Chee, Chi, Ki, Qi, and Qui), the vital life energy that animates all living organisms, and results in a correcting and rebalancing Ki to relieve pain and restore health. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#cite_note-0 [1]]</sup>
@@ Line 6: / Line 8: @@
 | <div id="toctitle">
 == Contents ==
-<span class="toctoggle">[[[javascript:toggleToc()|hide]]]</span></div>
+</div>
 *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#History_of_acupuncture <span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History of acupuncture</span>]
 *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025603/http://www.wiki4cam.org:80/wiki/Acupuncture#Concept_of_Acupuncture <span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Concept of Acupuncture</span>]